A pair of researchers at Virginia Tech is suggesting that it should be possible to use a low-energy antineutrino reactor-off method set between submarine patrols to by-pass the need for onboard access by inspectors. In their paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters, Bernadette Cogswell and Patrick Huber describe a means for safeguarding nuclear fuel used for naval propulsion systems on vessels around the world.

New research looks at positron scattering from rare gas atoms encapsulated in carbon 60 to investigate quantum properties that can't be tested with electrons.

New research looks at positron scattering from rare gas atoms encapsulated in carbon 60 to investigate quantum properties that can't be tested with electrons.

Symmetries make the world go round, but so do asymmetries. A case in point is an asymmetry known as charge–parity (CP) asymmetry, which is required to explain why matter vastly outnumbers antimatter in the present-day universe even though both forms of matter should have been created in equal amounts in the Big Bang.

Author(s): Bernadette K. Cogswell and Patrick HuberMonitoring the fissile material aboard nuclear-powered submarines is notoriously difficult. Researchers may now have a way to safeguard this weapons-grade substance. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 241803] Published Tue Jun 14, 2022

Author(s): Takuma Yamashita, Yasushi Kino, Emiko Hiyama, Svante Jonsell, and Piotr FroelichThe authors numerically study the scattering of antihydrogen and positronium atoms, at collision energies just above the threshold for the rearrangement reaction resulting in antihydrogen positive ions. The formation of such ions is of interest for ongoing or planned experiments involving antimatter with antihydrogen at CERN. [Phys. Rev. A 105, 052812] Published Tue May 31, 2022

At the Quark Matter conference today and at the recent Rencontres de Moriond conference, the LHCb collaboration presented an analysis of particle collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) that may help determine whether or not any antimatter seen by experiments in space originates from the dark matter that holds galaxies such as the Milky Way together.

A relatively small pulsar (a dense, collapsed and rapidly-spinning star) belched out a giant filament containing matter and antimatter particles that streamed for trillions of miles.

A hybrid matter—an antimatter helium atom containing an antiproton, the proton's antimatter equivalent in place of an electron, has an unexpected response to laser light when immersed in superfluid helium, reports the ASACUSA collaboration at CERN. The result, described in a paper published today in the journal Nature, may open doors to several lines of research.

An experiment conducted on hybrid matter-antimatter atoms has defied researchers’ expectations. The post An Antimatter Experiment Shows Surprises Near Absolute Zero first appeared on Quanta Magazine

Scientists studied antimatter in the proton with higher precision than ever before, revealing insights into the particle’s puzzling

This image from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and ground-based optical telescopes shows an extremely long beam, or filament, of matter

This image from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and ground-based optical telescopes shows an extremely long beam, or filament, of matter

Author(s): Michael SchirberAn antiproton experiment has shown to record precision that matter and antimatter particles have equal mass—confirming a basic tenet of the standard model of particle physics. [Physics 15, 8] Published Wed Jan 19, 2022

© seekingalpha.com. Use of this feed is limited to personal, non-commercial use and is governed by Seeking Alpha's Terms of Use (https://seekingalpha.com/page/terms-of-use). Publishing this feed for public or commercial use and/or misrepresentation by a third party is prohibited.

As part of an experiment to measure -- to an extremely precise degree -- the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, researchers have found that, within the uncertainty of the experiment, matter and antimatter respond to gravity in the same way.

As part of an experiment to measure—to an extremely precise degree—the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons, the RIKEN-led BASE collaboration at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, has found that, within the uncertainty of the experiment, matter and antimatter respond to gravity in the same way.

It came from outer space. And it was tiny.

Antimatter is the opposite of normal matter. The electrical charge of sub-atomic antimatter particles is reversed relative to matter.

Author(s): V. Kopeikin, M. Skorokhvatov, and O. TitovOver the last decade, a discrepancy between the theoretical and measured values of the antineutrino spectrum at nuclear reactors has remained unresolved and been dubbed the reactor antineutrino anomaly (RAA). In the present paper, a resolution to this anomaly is proposed based on recent experimental results on the beta spectra of U(235) and Pu(239) obtained at the National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute (KI). These measurements indicate a systematic excess in the spectra on which the discrepant theoretical model was based. The adjusted predictions are now consistent with the Daya Bay and STEREO reactor experiments. [Phys. Rev. D 104, L071301] Published Mon Oct 25, 2021

Author(s): Shiyu Zhou, Jianfei Hua, Weiming An, Warren B. Mori, Chan Joshi, Jie Gao, and Wei LuSimulations validate a scheme for accelerating and focusing a positron beam with narrow energy spread using an electron beam to drive the wake in a hollow plasma channel. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 174801] Published Fri Oct 22, 2021

Two independent studies have illuminated unexpected substructures in the fundamental components of all matter. Preliminary results using a novel tagging method could explain the origin of the longstanding nuclear paradox known as the EMC effect. Meanwhile, authors will share next steps after the recent observation of asymmetrical antimatter in the proton.

Two independent studies have illuminated unexpected substructures in the fundamental components of all matter. Preliminary results using a novel tagging method could explain the origin of the longstanding nuclear paradox known as the EMC effect. Meanwhile, authors will share next steps after the recent observation of asymmetrical antimatter in the proton.

Scientists studying particle collisions have produced definitive evidence for two physics phenomena predicted more than 80 years ago: that matter/antimatter can be created directly by colliding photons and that a magnetic field can bend polarized light along different paths in a vacuum.

Scientists studying particle collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)—a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science user facility for nuclear physics research at DOE's Brookhaven National Laboratory—have produced definitive evidence for two physics phenomena predicted more than 80 years ago. The results were derived from a detailed analysis of more than 6,000 pairs of electrons and positrons produced in glancing particle collisions at RHIC and are published in Physical Review Letters.

An international physics team has proposed a new concept that may allow selected cosmic extreme processes to be studied in the laboratory in the future. A special setup of two high-intensity laser beams could create conditions similar to those found near neutron stars, for example. An antimatter jet is generated and accelerated very efficiently, as the experts report.

In the depths of space, there are celestial bodies where extreme conditions prevail: Rapidly rotating neutron stars generate super-strong magnetic fields. And black holes, with their enormous gravitational pull, can cause huge, energetic jets of matter to shoot out into space. An international physics team with the participation of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) has now proposed a new concept that could allow some of these extreme processes to be studied in the laboratory in the future: A special setup of two high-intensity laser beams could create conditions similar to those found near neutron stars. In the discovered process, an antimatter jet is generated and accelerated very efficiently. The experts present their concept in the journal Communications Physics

New research shows radioactive molecules are sensitive to subtle nuclear phenomena. The molecules might help physicists probe violation of the most fundamental symmetries of nature, including why the universe contains relatively little antimatter.

Imagine a dust particle in a storm cloud, and you can get an idea of a neutron's insignificance compared to the magnitude of the molecule it inhabits.

Imagine a dust particle in a storm cloud, and you can get an idea of a neutron’s insignificance

Radioactive molecules are sensitive to subtle nuclear phenomena and might help physicists probe the violation of the most fundamental symmetries of nature.

Author(s): Erika K. CarlsonAntineutrons and hyperons are challenging to produce and study, but researchers propose a new approach that would generate these particles using existing and planned accelerators. [Physics 14, s85] Published Wed Jun 30, 2021

Author(s): Chang-Zheng Yuan and Marek KarlinerAntineutrons and hyperons are challenging to produce and study, but researchers propose a new approach that would generate these particles using existing and planned accelerators. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 012003] Published Wed Jun 30, 2021

Circumstantial evidence could point to a mind-blowing solution to an antimatter mystery—or to the need for better space-based particle physics experiments -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

Circumstantial evidence could point to a mind-blowing solution to an antimatter mystery—or to the more mundane need for better space-based particle physics experiments -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

Nature is the international weekly journal of science: a magazine style journal that publishes full-length research papers in all disciplines of science, as well as News and Views, reviews, news, features, commentaries, web focuses and more, covering all branches of science and how science impacts upon all aspects of society and life.

Astronomers try to solve the mystery of antihelium by searching for antistars.

What if some of the antimatter that was thought to have disappeared was hiding in the form of anti-stars? Researchers from the Institute for Research in Astrophysics and Planetology (IRAP—CNRS/CNES/UT3 Paul Sabatier) are using the Fermi gamma-ray space telescope to put the most constraining limits ever on this hypothesis. The results of their work were published on April 20, 2021 in Physical Review D.

There have been hints that 14 unlikely and exotic stars made of antimatter, called antistars, could exist in the area immediately surrounding our solar system

The scientists trapped the antimatter in a magnetic field to stop it from annihilating, before blasting it with a cooling laser.

Scientists have succeeded in cooling down antihydrogen atoms - the simplest form of atomic antimatter - with laser light.

Antimatter atoms are notoriously tough to control, but they have now been cooled using lasers for the first time, enabling us to search for how they differ from regular matter

Researchers with the CERN-based ALPHA collaboration have announced the world's first laser-based manipulation of antimatter, leveraging a made-in-Canada laser system to cool a sample of antimatter down to near absolute zero. The achievement, detailed in an article published today and featured on the cover of the journal Nature, will significantly alter the landscape of antimatter research and advance the next generation of experiments.

Stars, galaxies, and everything in the universe, including our own bodies, are comprised of so-called regular matter. Regular matter includes atoms and molecules, which are made up of tiny particles, such as electrons, protons, and neutrons. These particles dominate our universe, vastly outnumbering their lesser-known counterparts: antimatter particles. First experimentally discovered in 1932 by the late Nobel laureate and longtime Caltech professor Carl Anderson, antimatter particles have the opposite charges to their matter counterparts. The antimatter particle to the negatively charged electron, for example, is the positively charged positron.

Stars, galaxies, and everything in the universe, including our own bodies, are comprised of so-called regular matter. Regular

The most remote particle detector on Earth has detected the most energetic antimatter neutrino ever, confirming a 51-year-old prediction.

Author(s): Sophia ChenThe detection of a new particle containing both charm and strange quarks could offer new insights into how hadrons form. [Physics 14, s33] Published Thu Mar 11, 2021

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) scientists have achieved a near 100 percent increase in the amount of antimatter created in the laboratory.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) scientists have achieved a near 100 percent increase in the amount of antimatter created

Scientists assess the dynamics of positron acoustic waves (PAWS) in EPI plasmas whilst under the influence of magnetic fields, or magnetoplasmas.

Symmetry is an important underlying structure of nature, present not only in mathematics and art but also in

Author(s): Alexander Zholents, Luca Rebuffi, and Xianbo ShiStochastic cooling of electrons and positrons with EUV light provides petaherz-scale bandwidth for fast cooling without the amplifier. [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 24, 022803] Published Thu Feb 25, 2021

Twenty years ago, physicists set out to investigate a mysterious asymmetry in the proton’s interior. Their results, published today, show how antimatter helps stabilize every atom’s core. The post Decades-Long Quest Reveals Details of the Proton’s Inner Antimatter first appeared on Quanta Magazine.

A team of quantum theorists seeking to cure a basic problem with quantum annealing computers -- they have to run at a relatively slow pace to operate properly -- found something intriguing instead.

A team of quantum theorists seeking to cure a basic problem with quantum annealing computers—they have to run at a relatively slow pace to operate properly—found something intriguing instead. While probing how quantum annealers perform when operated faster than desired, the team unexpectedly discovered a new effect that may account for the imbalanced distribution of matter and antimatter in the universe and a novel approach to separating isotopes.

Astrophysical and lab-created plasmas under the influence of magnetic fields are the source of intense study. New research seeks to understand the dynamics of position waves traveling through these clouds of highly ionized gas.

It's a fundamental law of physics that even the most ardent science-phobe can define: matter falls down under gravity. But what about antimatter, which has the same mass but opposite electrical charge and spin? According to Einstein's general theory of relativity, gravity should treat matter and antimatter identically. Finding even the slightest difference in their free-fall rate would therefore lead to a revolution in our understanding. While the free fall of matter has been measured with an accuracy of around one part in 100 trillion, no direct measurement for antimatter has yet been performed due to the difficulty in producing and containing large quantities of it.

We don't know why the universe is dominated by matter over antimatter, but there could be entire stars, and maybe even galaxies, in the universe made of antimatter.

It's one of the greatest puzzles in physics. All the particles that make up the matter around us, such electrons and protons, have antimatter versions which are nearly identical, but with mirrored properties such as the opposite electric charge. When an antimatter and a matter particle meet, they annihilate in a flash of energy.

Antimatter is matter defined in modern physics as being composed of antiparticles of the corresponding particles of "normal" matter. CERN's BASE team conducts the research, and is behind several antimatter breakthroughs. A BASE collaboration at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) revealed that it is developing a "transportable antiproton trap", which will allow the transportation of antiprotons from CERN's Antimatter Decelerator (AD) to other laboratories to continue examination. Currently, antiprotons are stored in a device called a Penning Trap, which holds particles in place with a combination of electric and magnetic fields. Those entrapped particles are then fed into a multi-Penning-Trap set-up to measure two frequencies - a cyclotron frequency, which describes a charged particle’s oscillation in a magnetic field, and a Larmor frequency, which describes the so-called precessional motion in the trap of the intrinsic spin of the particle.

The BASE collaboration at CERN has bagged more than one first in antimatter research. For example, it made the first ever more precise measurement for antimatter than for matter, it kept antimatter stored for a record time of more than a year, and it conducted the first laboratory-based search for an interaction between antimatter and a candidate particle for dark matter called the axion. Now, the BASE team is developing a device that could take antimatter research to new heights—a transportable antiproton trap to carry antimatter produced at CERN's Antimatter Decelerator (AD) to another facility at CERN or elsewhere, for higher-precision antimatter measurements. These measurements could uncover differences between matter and antimatter.

Experts in Japan have devised a simple way to glean more detailed information out of standard medical imaging

Experts have devised a simple way to glean more detailed information out of standard medical imaging scans. A research team made up of atomic physicists and nuclear medicine experts has designed a timer that can enable PET scanners to detect the oxygen concentration of tissues throughout patients' bodies. This upgrade to PET scanners may lead to a future of better cancer treatment by quickly identifying parts of tumors with more aggressive cell growth.

Experts in Japan have devised a simple way to glean more detailed information out of standard medical imaging scans. A research team made up of atomic physicists and nuclear medicine experts at the University of Tokyo and the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) has designed a timer that can enable positron emission tomography (PET) scanners to detect the oxygen concentration of tissues throughout patients' bodies. This upgrade to PET scanners may lead to a future of better cancer treatment by quickly identifying parts of tumors with more aggressive cell growth.

An international collaboration of theoretical physicists has published a new calculation relevant to the search for an explanation of the predominance of matter over antimatter in our universe. The new calculation gives a more accurate prediction for the likelihood with which kaons decay into a pair of electrically charged pions vs. a pair of neutral pions.

An international collaboration of theoretical physicists—including scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and the RIKEN-BNL Research Center (RBRC)—has published a new calculation relevant to the search for an explanation of the predominance of matter over antimatter in our universe. The collaboration, known as RBC-UKQCD, also includes scientists from CERN (the European particle physics laboratory), Columbia University, the University of Connecticut, the University of Edinburgh, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Regensburg, and the University of Southampton. They describe their result in a paper to be published in the journal Physical Review D and has been highlighted as an "editor's suggestion."

A multi-institution team has used positron beams to probe the nature of radiation effects, providing new insight into how damage is produced in iron films. This exploration can improve the safety of materials used in nuclear reactors and other radiation environments.

The future machine could help physicists learn more about the Higgs boson particle.

Nature is the international weekly journal of science: a magazine style journal that publishes full-length research papers in all disciplines of science, as well as News and Views, reviews, news, features, commentaries, web focuses and more, covering all branches of science and how science impacts upon all aspects of society and life.

When a particle is transformed into its antiparticle and its spatial coordinates inverted, the laws of physics are required to stay the same—or so we thought. This symmetry—known as CP symmetry (charge conjugation and parity symmetry) – was considered to be exact until 1964, when a study of the kaon particle system led to the discovery of CP violation.

The ALICE collaboration has presented new results on the production rates of antideuterons based on data collected at the highest collision energy delivered so far at the Large Hadron Collider. The antideuteron is composed of an antiproton and an antineutron. The new measurements are important because the presence of antideuterons in space is a promising indirect signature of dark matter candidates. The results mark a step forward in the search for dark matter.

An element which could hold the key to the long-standing mystery around why there is much more matter than antimatter in our universe has been discovered in Physics research involving the University of Strathclyde.

New evidence from neutrinos points to one of several theories about why the cosmos is made of matter and not antimatter -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

But more data are needed before physicists know for sure -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

But more data are needed before physicists know for sure -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com

For the universe to exist as it does now, there must have been an imbalance between matter and antimatter early on, which may have been caused by neutrinos

There's an asymmetry between the universe's matter and antimatter. This experiment might explain why.

Antineutrinos do not exactly mirror neutrinos, experiment in Japan suggests

The T2K Collaboration has published new results showing the strongest constraint yet on the parameter that governs the breaking of the symmetry between matter and antimatter in neutrino oscillations. Using beams of muon neutrinos and muon antineutrinos, T2K has studied how these particles and antiparticles transition into electron neutrinos and electron antineutrinos, respectively. The parameter governing the matter/antimatter symmetry breaking in neutrino oscillation, called δcp phase, can take a value from -180º to 180º. For the first time, T2K has disfavored almost half of the possible values at the 99.7% (3σ) confidence level, and is starting to reveal a basic property of neutrinos that has not been measured until now. This is an important step on the way to knowing whether or not neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently. These results, using data collected through 2018, have been published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Nature on April 16.

Patrick Huber, a professor in the Virginia Tech Department of Physics, has co-authored an article that describes the potential uses and limitations of antineutrino detectors for nuclear security applications related to reactor, spent fuel, and explosion monitoring.

Upcoming gravitational-wave observatories could find evidence of a new type of neutrino, supporting a popular theory for why matter dominates over antimatter.   [Physics 13, s13] Published Tue Jan 28, 2020

A tiny, invisible particle could offer help for a big problem — the threat of nuclear proliferation. For

Upcoming gravitational-wave observatories could find evidence of a new type of neutrino, supporting a popular theory for why matter dominates over antimatter.   [Physics 13, s13] Published Tue Jan 28, 2020

Physicists suspect spacetime ripples could explain why the universe is made of matter -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com